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Edwin Chadwick
Sir Edwin Chadwick KCB (24 January 1800 – 6 July 1890) was an English social reformer, noted for his work to reform the Poor Laws and improve sanitary conditions and public health.
==Early life==
Edwin Chadwick was born on 24 January 1800 at Longsight, near Manchester, to James Chadwick. Edwin's mother died when he was a young child yet to be named. James Chadwick taught music and botany to the scientist John Dalton and was also considered an advanced liberal politician, thus exposing young Edwin to political and social ideas. He began his education at a small school in Lancashire, then moved to a boarding school in Stockport, where he studied until the age of ten. When his family moved to London in 1810, Chadwick continued his education with the help of private tutors, his father, and a great deal of self-teaching.
At 18, Chadwick decided to pursue a career in law and undertook an apprenticeship at an attorney's office. In 1823, he enrolled in law school at The Temple in London. On 26 November 1830 he was called to the bar, which allowed him to become a licensed barrister (also known as a court lawyer).
Called to the bar without independent means, he sought to support himself by literary work such as his work on ''Applied Science and its Place in Democracy'', and his essays in the ''Westminster Review'' (mainly on different methods of applying scientific knowledge to the practice of government). He became friends with two of the leading philosophers of the day, John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham. Bentham engaged him as a literary assistant and left him a large legacy. He also became acquaintances with Thomas Southwood Smith, Neil Arnott, and James Kay-Shuttleworth, all doctors. Through Chadwick's exposure to social reform and under the influence of his friends, he began to devote his efforts to sanitary reform. In 1832, Chadwick began on his path to make improvements with sanitary and health conditions.
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